1. Overview of wires and cables

In the common people's impression, wire and cable is a simple concept, just a metal wire covered with a layer of plastic. As the signal propagation medium of modern electrical products, wires and cables are far more complicated than the above concepts. From home phone lines, big brother charger lines to office computer lines, scanning lines, and even today’s Teflon lines, the functions are more diverse and complicated.

Searching for the roots of wires and cables can be traced back to many scientists in history. In 1831, the British scientist Faraday discovered the "law of electromagnetic induction", which laid a solid foundation for the practical development of wires and cables. In 1879, Edison in the United States invented the electric light, and light wiring therefore had broad prospects. In 1881, Goldun in the United States invented the "alternator." With the emergence of these inventions that directly affect the work and life of mankind, the development of wires and cables is also exceedingly fast. In 1830, Faraday made coiled wire (enameled wire). In 1889, Franci of the United States invented the oil-impregnated paper insulated power cable, which is the original type of high-voltage power cable currently in use.

The development of wires and cables mainly involves the development of insulating materials and conductors. The insulation material has progressed from the most primitive bare wire→enameled wire→rubber wire→plastic wire→synthetic wire to the current various cables. Conductors also successively include platinum→copper→aluminum→optical cable, etc.

With the development of science and technology and the emergence of technological products such as computers, the distance between wires and cables has gradually increased. In short, wires refer to transmission wires with a simple structure and a small number of cores. A cable refers to a transmission wire with multiple strands, complicated manufacturing processes, or a large number of cores. The distinction between the two is not strict. In layman's terms, any tangible object that can transmit power or signal can be called a wire and cable.

Performance notes:

Hard copper wire: It is cold-processed by drawing wire and has high tensile strength. It is suitable for overhead transmission cables, distribution lines and conductors in buildings.

Soft copper wire: Hard copper wire is heated to remove the residual stress produced by cold processing. It is rich in flexibility and flexibility, and has high electrical conductivity. It is used to make conductors for communication and power cables, electrical machinery and various household appliances. Electrical wires.

In addition, there are semi-hard copper wires, rectangular copper wires, tinned copper wires, oxygen-free copper wires, wires for electronic parts, etc.

Conductor resistance: The resistance of a conductor is proportional to its length and inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.

Formula: R=P×L/S (This formula is applicable to 26℃)

In the formula: P...is the resistivity of the conductor, L...is the length, S...is the cross-sectional area.

If it is below 20°C, use the following formula: R=P×L/S×254.5/260.5.

Conductivity: at 20℃, the resistance of a standard soft copper wire with a length of 1M and a cross-sectional area of 1m㎡ is 1/58 ohms (0.017241), which is called 100% conductivity. The greater the resistance, the lower the conductivity. It is inversely proportional.

Tensile breaking force: the force of the maximum load that the sample breaks during the tensile test.

Tensile strength: the tensile strength expressed in unit area when the sample is broken during the tensile test.

Elongation: At the specified nominal distance, the ratio of the length of the sample after being stretched until it breaks to the original length.

Twisting direction of the stranded wire: divided into left stranding (Z) and right stranding (S), which means that when the observer views the direction from far to near along the axis of the conductor or core wire, the single wire of the conductor or core wire is along the conductor or core wire The winding direction of the winding is the twisting direction.

Stranded wire pitch: the axial length of a single wire of a conductor or core wire when it is spiraled once.

Bending resistance: One end of the single wire is fixed, the other end is added with weight to make it hang down, and then bend back and forth 180 degrees until the straight line breaks. The more bending times, the stronger the bending resistance.

The meaning of wire printing:

E347*** AWM 1332 22AWG 200℃ 300V TRIUMPH ELECTRIC WIRE &CABLE CO.,LTD VW-1

E347***->The UL file number of Sheng brand wire and cable.

->American certification mark.

AWM->The name code of the wire, (UL758 internal wire). Generally only used for factory installation and wiring.

1332->Wire classification name number.

22AWG->The specification of the wire.

200℃...The rated temperature of the wire.

300V->rated voltage.

TRIUMPH ELECTRIC WIRE &CABLE CO.,LTD->Shengpai Wire and Cable Co., Ltd.

VW-1->(vertical sample) burning test.